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How Your Corporation Will Be Taxed

In this guide, you'll learn about the main types of tax in Montana that apply to corporations, including sales, self-employment, corporate and federal taxes.

How your corporation is taxed will depend on whether it's an S Corp or a C Corp.

Montana State Tax

There is one type of Montana tax you must pay to the MT Department of Revenue: income tax.

Important: All of these taxes apply whether you have a C Corp or an S Corp.

 

Montana Income Tax

Anyone who takes earnings out of your corporation will need to pay MT income tax and will be taxed at the state's standard rates. Any employees will also need to pay state income tax. The current income tax brackets for Montana are graduated, ranging from 1 percent to 6.9 percent depending on what your taxable income amount is.

You can use the tax tables provided by the Montana Department of Revenue to get an idea of how much you'll need to pay, but consult with your accountant or tax advisor to ensure you pay the proper amount.

Montana Corporate Income Tax

As a corporation operating in Montana you are required to pay corporate income tax. All corporations are required to file a Montana Corporate Income Tax Return (Form CIT) and pay any tax they owe.

The current corporate income tax rate in Montana is 6.75% and a minimum tax of $50 must be paid by each corporation every year, unless you fall under an exemption.

Federal Taxes for Corporations

Federal taxes can be complicated, so speak to your accountant or professional tax preparer to ensure that your Montana corporation is paying the correct amount, and that you're paying the correct individual amount.

Federal Self-Employment Tax

Whether and how you pay this tax depends on whether you have a C Corp or an S Corp.

Federal Taxes for C Corps

All shareholders who earn wages or a salary from a C Corporation must pay self-employment tax. This tax is administered by the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) and covers Social Security, Medicare and other benefits. The current self-employment tax rate is 15.3 percent.

You’ll be able to deduct some of your business expenses from your income when calculating how much self-employment tax you owe.

Here are some examples of how much self-employment tax you may need to pay, depending on your earnings:

  • On a salary of $56,000, you would pay self-employment tax of $8,568.
  • On a salary of $76,000, you would pay self-employment tax of $11,628.
  • On a salary of $96,000, you would pay self-employment tax of $14,688.
  • On a salary of $116,000, you would pay self-employment tax of $17,748.

Federal Taxes for S Corps

The Internal Revenue Service allows a corporation to be treated as an S Corporation for tax purposes, provided your business meets certain requirements. This can help you reduce the amount of self-employment tax you pay by allowing you to declare some of your income as salary and other income as distributions or withdrawals.

You do this by filing Form 2553, also known as an S Corp Election form, with the IRS. Bizee can also file the form for you. Use our S Corp Tax Calculator to get an idea of how much money you could save with this election.

Consult with your accountant or tax advisor for more information on reducing your self-employment tax through an S Corporation tax election.

Treating your business as an S Corp can help you save money.

You can do this by making an “S Corporation Tax Election” with the IRS using Form 2553. We can file your Form 2553 with the IRS on your behalf.

File an S Corp Tax Election

Federal Income Tax

You must pay regular federal income tax on any wages or salary your corporation pays you, regardless of its type. The amount of income tax you pay depends on your earnings, current income tax bracket, deductions and filing status.

Speak to your accountant or tax professional for more information.

Taxes Specific to C Corporations

Regardless of the state where your corporation is based, corporate taxes can get pretty complicated. We provide some basic information here, but we strongly encourage you to consult with a tax professional to ensure your corporation pays the right taxes in the right amounts to help you avoid penalties, fines and, worst of all, tax audits.

Corporate Tax

Unlike a limited liability company or an S Corporation, a C Corporation is required to file a corporate tax return and pay taxes on any profits.

When those profits are paid to shareholders as dividends, they will also be subject to taxation on the shareholders' personal tax returns.

This is often referred to as “double taxation,” and is one reason many business owners prefer to file their taxes as S Corporations.

Note: It is possible for a C Corp to file taxes as an S Corp. Consult with your accountant or professional tax advisor for more information.

Stock Dividends

A C Corporation may pay shareholders dividends as a share of the profits of the company. The value of dividends to which each shareholder is entitled depends on how many shares they own.

Dividends distributed to shareholders are taxed twice — first at the corporate level as profit (on the corporation’s Form 1120, the U.S. Corporation Income Tax Return) and again at the individual level as stock dividends (on the shareholder's Form 1040, the U.S. Individual Income Tax Return).

Taxes Specific to S Corporations

You must pay federal income tax on both your salary and any distributions you take from the business.

Need someone to file your corporate taxes?

Bizee provides a complete Business Tax Filing service.

Get Help with Taxes

Employee and Employer Taxes

If you pay employees, there are some slightly different tax implications. Speak to your accountant to get clear guidance for your unique situation.

Employer Payroll Tax Withholding

All employers are required to withhold federal taxes from their employees’ wages. You’ll withhold 7.65 percent of their taxable wages, and your employees will also be responsible for 7.65 percent, adding up to the current federal tax rate of 15.3 percent.

Speak to your accountant for more information.

Employees May Need to File Tax Returns

Regardless of whether you withhold federal and state income tax, your employees may need to file their own tax returns.

Employee Insurance and Other Requirements

You may also need to pay insurance for any employees, such as employee compensation insurance or unemployment tax.

Other Taxes and Duties

Depending on your industry, you may be liable for certain other taxes and duties. For example, if you sell gasoline, you may need to pay a tax on any fuel you sell. Likewise, if you import or export goods, you may need to pay certain duties.

Speak to your accountant about any other taxes or duties you may need to withhold or pay.

 

Estimated Taxes

Most corporations must pay estimated taxes throughout the year — on a quarterly basis — depending on the amount of profit and income you expect to make. Per the IRS:

"Corporations must generally make estimated tax payments if they expect their estimated tax (income tax less credits) to be $500 or more."

The most common types of estimated tax are:

Federal income tax

Federal self-employment tax

C Corporation

If you expect to owe $500 or more in income tax, you must make four quarterly estimated tax payments to the IRS. You'll estimate your total tax on Form 1120-W, then pay 25% on each due date. Please note that the IRS will no longer be updating Form 1120-W, so follow up with your accountant with any questions on estimated tax payments after 2023.


Important: This applies to you as the owner of the C Corporation, not the business itself. A C Corporation does not pay income tax.

S Corporation

It's a little less straightforward for an S Corp, which will pay estimated taxes by filing an IRS Form 1120-S, which is the income tax return form for S Corps.

Also, as the owner of an S Corp, you'll need to make estimated payments on self-employment tax.

Learn more on the IRS website, and speak to your accountant for more information. Or use Bizee's Business Tax Filing service.

We can help you navigate complex tax situations and avoid costly mistakes with our complete Business Tax Filing service
Get Help with Corporate Taxes

FAQs on Montana Taxes

Is There a Montana Sales Tax?

No. Unlike most states in the country, Montana does not have a sales tax.

Is There a Montana Income Tax?

Yes. The State of Montana does have an income tax. You can find more information above.

Is There an MT Franchise Tax?

No. Montana does not levy a tax on corporations for the privilege of doing business.

Do I Need to Pay Estimated Taxes?

Yes. In most cases, you must pay estimated taxes to the federal government, whether you run a C Corp or an S Corp. You'll find more information above.

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